What limitation of traditional hybridization used for plant and animal breeding has been overcome by

the use of rDNA techniques?

1. High cost

2. Insertion of undesirable genes

3. Complexity of the procedure

4. Antigenicity of the product

Which of the following restriction sites is located within the gene for tetracycline resistance in the plasmid pBR322?

1. BamHI

2. Psti

3. Clal

4. Pvull

The technique not used for transformation of plant cells in recombinant procedures is:

1. Biolistics

2. Agrobacterium mediation

3. Use of viruses

4. Micro-injection

In the screening process during rDNA experiments, clones that metabolize $\beta$-gal turn:

1. Colorless

2. Blue

3. Yellow

4. Green

The plasmid pBR322 does not contain:

1. An origin of replication site

2. A gene that encodes for restrictor of plasmid copy number

3. Gene for Ampicillin and Streptomycin resistance

4. Sites for many restriction enzymes

Restriction enzymes are synthesized by:

1. Bacteria only

2. Yeast and bacteria only

3. Eukaryotic cells only

4. All kinds of cells

The process of separation and purification of expressed protein before marketing is called

(1) upstream processing

(2) downstream processing

(3) bioprocessing

(4) postproduction processing

What is the criterion for DNA fragments movement on agarose gel during gel electrophoresis ?

(1) The larger the fragment size, the farther it moves

(2) The smaller the fragment size, the farther it moves

(3) Positively charged fragments move to farther end

(4) Negatively charged fragments do not move

A gene, whose expression helps to identify transformed cells is known as

1. selectable marker                 

2. vector

3. plasmid                                 

4. structural gene

The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised after staining with

(1) bromophenol blue

(2) acetocarmine

(3) aniline blue 

(4) ethidium bromide