The increase in osmolarity from outer to inner medullary interstitium is maintained due to :

(i) Close proximity between Henle's loop and vasa recta

(ii) Counter current mechanism

(iii) Selective secretion of HCO3¯ and hydrogen ions in PCT

(iv) Higher blood pressure in glomerular capillaries

(1) Only(ii)

(2) (iii) and (iv)

(3) (i), (ii) and (iii)

(4) (i) and (ii)

Subtopic:  Concentration of Urine: I | Concentration of Urine: II | Concentration of Urine |
 68%
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Select the correct statement :

(1) Atrial Natriuretic Factor increases the blood pressure.

(2) Angiotensin II is a powerful vasodilator.

(3) Counter current pattern of blood flow is not observed in vasa recta.

(4) Reduction in Glomerular Filtration Rate activates JG cells to release renin. 

Subtopic:  Autoregulation of GFR |
 82%
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Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?

1. Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone
2. Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction
3. Decrease in the secretion of renin by JG cells
4. More water reabsorption due to under secretion of ADH

Subtopic:  Autoregulation of GFR |
 57%
From NCERT
NEET - 2020
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Presence of which of the following conditions in urine is indicative of Diabetes Mellitus:

1. Uremia and Renal Calculi

2. Ketonuria and Glycosuria

3. Renal Calculi and Hyperglycaemia

4. Uremia and Ketonuria

Subtopic:  Micturition Reflex |
 85%
From NCERT
NEET - 2020
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Identify the correct statement:

1. Both tadpole and frog are ammonotelic

2. Both tadpole and frog are ureotelic

3. Tadpole is ureotelic and frog is ammonotelic

4. Frog is ureotelic and tadpole is ammonotelic

Subtopic:  Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
 79%
From NCERT
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Match the items in Column - I with those in Column - II:

Column I Column II
(a) Podocytes (i) Crystallised oxalate
(b) Protonephridia (ii) Annelids
(c) Nephridia (iii) Amphioxus
(d) Renal calculi (iv) Filtration slits
Select the correct option from the following:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1. (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
2. (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
3. (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
4. (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
Subtopic:  Nitrogenous Excretory Products | Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section | Disorders of Excretory System |
 82%
From NCERT
NEET - 2019
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Match the following parts of a nephron with their function:

(a) Descending limb of Henle's loop (i) Reabsorption of salts only
(b) Proximal convoluted tubule (ii) Reabsorption of water only
(c) Ascending limb of Henle's loop (iii) Conditional reabsorption of sodium ions
(d) Distal convoluted tubule (iv) Reabsorption of ions, water, and organic nutrients

Select the correct option from the following:

Options: (a) (b) (c) (d)
1. i iii ii iv
2. ii iv i iii
3. i iv ii iii
4. iv i iii ii

Subtopic:  Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
 78%
From NCERT
NEET - 2019
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Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in:

a. Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body
b. Non-elimination of excess potassium ions
c. Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract
d. Reduced RBC production


Which of the following options is the most appropriate?

1. (a) and (d) are correct

2. (a) and (b) are correct

3. (b) and (c) are correct

4. (c) and (d) are correct

Subtopic:  CRF & Hemodialysis |
NEET - 2019
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Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?

1. Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration.
2. Low levels of antidiuretic hormone.
3. Maintaining hyperosmolarity towards inner medullary interstitium in the kidneys.
4. Secretion of erythropoietin by Juxtaglomerular complex.
Subtopic:  Concentration of Urine: I | Concentration of Urine: II | Concentration of Urine |
 74%
From NCERT
NEET - 2019
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Solenocytes are the main excretory structures in:

1. annelids

2. molluscs

3. echinodermates

4. Platyhelminthes

Subtopic:  Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
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