If a radioactive nucleus decays according to the following reaction

${}_{72}X_{180}\stackrel{\alpha }{\to }{X}_1\stackrel{\beta }{\to }{X}_2\stackrel{\alpha }{\to }{X}_3\stackrel{\gamma }{\to }{X}_4$

then the mass number and the atomic number of $X_4$ then the mass number and the atomic number of $X_4$ will be, respectively [MP PET 2002]

1. 172, 70 

2. 172, 69

3. 172, 68

4. 171, 69

Two radioactive materials $X_1$ and $X_2$ have decay constants 10$\lambda$ and $\lambda$ respectively. If initially they have the same number of nuclei, then the ratio of the number of nuclei of $X_1$ to that of $X_2$ will be $\frac{1}{e}$ after a time

1. $\frac{1}{10 \lambda }$ 

2. $\frac{1}{11 \lambda }$

3. $\frac{11}{10 \lambda }$   

4. $\frac{1}{9 \lambda }$

A radioactive material has mean-lives of 1620 yr and 520 yr for $\alpha$ and $\beta$-emission. The material decays by simultaneous $\alpha$ and $\beta$-emission. The time in which 1/4th of the material remains intact is 

1. 4675 yr 

2. 720 yr

3. 545 yr 

4. 324 yr

The radioactivity of an element becomes $\frac{1}{64}th$ of its original value in 60 seconds. Then the half value period is

1. 5 sec 

2. 10 sec 

3. 20 sec

4. 30 sec

A nucleus of ${}_{84}{}^{210}Po$ originally at rest emits $\alpha$ particle with speed $\nu$. What will be the recoil speed of the daughter necleus. [DCE 2002]

1. 4$\nu$ / 206

2. 4$\nu$ / 214

3. $\nu$ / 206 

4. $\nu$ / 214

An atom of mass number 15 and atomic number 7 captures an $\alpha$-particle and then emits a proton. The mass number and atomic number of the resulting product will respectively be

1. 14 and 2

2. 15 and 3

3. 16 and 4 

4. 18 and 8

Solar energy is mainly caused due to [2003]

1. fusion of protons during synthesis of heavier elements

2. gravitational contraction

3. burning of hydrogen in the oxygen

4. fission of uranium present in the sun

A sample of radioactive elements contains $4\times {10}^{10}$ active nuclei. If half-life of element is 10 days, then the number of decayed nuclei after 30 days is 

1. $0.5\times {10}^{10}$   

2. $2\times {10}^{10}$

3. $3.5\times {10}^{10}$

4. $1\times {10}^{10}$

A and B are two radioactive substances whose half-lives are 1 and 2 years respectively. Initially 10 g of A and 1 g of B is taken. The time (approximate) after which they will have the same quantity remaining is:

1. 6.62 yr

2. 5 yr   

3. 3.2 yr 

4. 7 yr

A sample of radioactive element has a mass of 10 gm at an instant t = 0. The approximate mass of this element in the sample after two means lives in [CBSE PMT/PDT 2003]

1. 3.70 gm

2. 6.30 gm

3. 1.35 gm 

4. 2.50 gm