In photorespiration, glycolate is converted into serine and carbon dioxide in:

1. Mitochondria

2. Cholorplasts

3. Vacuoles

4. Peroxisomes

In the C4 pathway, which of the following molecules combines with carbon dioxide?

1. glyceraldehyde phosphate

2. ribulose biphosphate

3. phosphoenol pyruvic acid

4. citric acid

Dark reactions of photosynthesis are actually not totally independent of light as:

(1) The initial reactions occur in the presence of light.

(2) The reaction will be inhibited by the presence of light.

(3) They can occur during the day as well.

(4) They utilize the products of the light reaction.

All the following regarding the role of xanthophylls and carotenoids in photosynthesis are correct except:

1. They act as accessory pigments

2. Their peak absorption is in blue and red regions of VIBGYOR

3. They enable a wider range of wavelength of incoming light to be utilized for photosynthesis

4. They protect chlorophyll a form of photo-oxidation.

Compared to retinal, chlorophyll can be described as a pigment that has a 

1. narrow absorption range but high efficiency

2. narrow apsorption range but low efficiency

3. wide absorption range but high effeciency

4. wide absorption range but low efficiency

Consider the situation where photosynthesis is going on at a steady pace in a typical experiment with a light on, and carbon dioxide is being combined with ribulose-bisphosphate (RuBP) to produce 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG). Then suddenly the source of carbon dioxide is eliminated. What changes in the concentrations of 3PG and RuBP would occur?

1. 3PG levels rise, RuBP levels fall.

2. 3PG levels fall, RuBP levels rise.

3. 3PG levels rise, RuBP levels rise.

4. 3PG levels fall, RuBP levels fall.

Identify the statement that is true for C₄ plants but not for C₃ plants?

1. Initially fix carbon dioxide in mesophyll cells as 4-carbon long compounds.

2. Initially fix carbon dioxide in bundle sheath cells as 3-carbon long compounds.

3. Initially fix carbon dioxide in mesophyll cells as 3-carbon long compounds.

4. Initially fix carbon dioxide in bundle sheath cells as 4-carbon long compounds.

Crops such as tomatoes and bell pepper, allowed to grow in a carbon dioxide rich environment, show higher yields because:

1. They show an increased rate of photosynthesis at higher carbon dioxide concentrations.

2. They can respond to high carbon dioxide conditions even in low light conditions.

3. They show C₄ pathway for carbon fixation at high carbon dioxide is the limiting factor in such plants. 

4. Only carbon dioxide is the limiting factor in such plants.

At about what percentage of the full sunlight does light saturation occurs in photosynthesis?

1. 10

2. 25

3. 70

4. 95

Suppose the interoir of the thylakoids of isolated chloroplasts and then transferred in the dark to a pH 8 solution. What would be likely to happen?

(1) The isolated chloroplasts will make ATP

(2) The Clavin cycle will be activated.

(3) The cyclic photophosphorylation will occur

(4) Isolated chloroplasts will generate oxygen gas