Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?
(1) Liverworts

(2) Mosses

(3) Green algae

(4) Lichens

The term ecosystem was coined by

(1) AG Tansley                 

(2) E Haeckel

(3) E Warming                 

(4) EP Odum

In which of the following both pairs have the correct combination?

Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in a biotic community is

known as 

1. divergence

2. stratification

3. zonation

4. pyramid

Secondary succession takes place on/in

(1) bara rock

(2) degraded forest

(3) newly created pond

(4) newly cooled lava

The mass of living material at a tropic level at a particular time is called

1. Gross primary productivity

2. Standing state

3. Net primary productivity

4. standing crop

Given below is a simplified model of phosphorus cycling in a terrestrial ecosystem with

four blanks (A-D). Identify the blanks.

Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matter by

1. producer

2. parasite

3. consumer

4. decomposer

Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle in ecosystem?

1. Oxygen cycle

2. Phosphorus cycle

3. Nitrogen cycle

4. Carbon cycle

Identify the possible link A in the following food chain

Green plant -> Insect -> Frog -> A -> Eagle

1. rabbit                         

2. wolf

3. cobra                         

4. parrot