Lungs do not collapse between breaths and some air always remains in the lungs which can never be expelled because

(1) there is a negative pressure in the lungs

(2) there is a negative intrapleural pressure pulling at the lung walls

(3) there is a positive intrapleural pressure

(4) pressure in the lungs in higher than the atmospheric pressure

Reduction in pH of blood will

(1) reduce the blood supply to the brain

(2) decrease the affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen

(3) release bicarbonate ions by the liver

(4) reduce the rate of heart beat

Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking

1. asthma

2. respiratofy acidosis

3. respiratory alkalosis

4. emphysema

Approximately seventy percent of carbon dioxide absorbed by the blood will be

transported to the lungs

1. as bicarbonate ions

2. in the form of dissolved gas molecules

3. by binding to RBC

4. as carbamino-haemoglobin

The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A, B, C

and D. Select the option, which gives correct identification and main function and/or

characteristic.

1. A-trachea-long tube supported by complete cartilaginous rings for conducting

inspired air

2. 8-pleural membrane-surround ribs on both sides to provide cushion against rubbing

3. C-alveoli-thin walled vascular bag-like structures for exchange of gases

4. D-lower end of lungs-diaphragm pulls it down during inspiration

Which one of the following is the correct statement for respiration in humans?

1. Cigarette smoking may not lead to inflammation of bronchi

2. Neural signals from pneumotoxic centre in pons region of brain can increase the

duration of inspiration

3. Workers in grinding and stone breaking industries may suffer, from lung fibrosis

4. About 90% of carbon dioxide ($C{O}_2$) is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino haemoglobin

People who have migrated from the planes to an area adjoining Rohtang Pass about six

months back

1. have more RBCs and their haemoglobin has a lower binding affinity to O₂

2. are not physically fit to play games like football

3. suffer from altitude sickness with symptoms like nausea, fatigue, etc.

4. have the usual RBC count but their haemoglobin has very high binding affinuty to O₂

A large proportion of oxygen is left unsused in the human blood even after its uptake by

the body tissues. This O₂

1. raises the P_CO2 of blood to 75 mm of Hg

2. is enough to keep oxyhaemoglobin

3. helps in relasing more O₂ to the epithelial tissues

4. acts as a reserve during muscular exercise

What is true about RBCs in humans?

1. They carry about 20-25 per cent of CO₂

2. They transport 99.5 per cent of O₂

3. They transport about 80 per cent oxygen only and the rest 20 per cent of it is

transported in dissolved state in blood plasma

4. They do not carry CO₂ at all

Which two of the following changes (1-4) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when

they move to high altitudes (3,500 m or more)?

(1) Increase in red blood cell size

(2) Increase in red blood cell production

(3) Increased breathing rate

(4) Increase in thrombocyte count Changes occurring are

1. (2) and (3)

2. (3) and (4)

3. (1) and (4)

4. (1) and (2)