A population of an animal is hunted down to only 20 organisms. Later the number is restored to 10,000 organisms, but the variations in this population are highly reduced. This is called:

1. Founder Effect

2. Bottleneck effect

3. Edge effect

4. Heterosis

Most fossils are found in:

1. Granite

2. Sedimentary rocks

3. Lava flows

4. Black soil

Darwin believed that certain parts of the body get larger and more complex through the generations because they :

1. are used more extensively than other parts 

2. contribute to greater reproductive success

3. are pre-determined to do so 

4. are most similar to God's perfection 

The wings of a bird and that of an insect are:

1. Analogous structures

2. Homologous structure

3. Vestigial structures

4. Useless structures

Genetic drift occurs when a few individuals of a species colonize an island. The particular phenomenon is known as:

(1) The bottleneck effect

(2) The founder effect

(3) Assortative mating

(4) Random mating 

Directional selection favours:

(1) Both extremes of a trait

(2) Intermediate form of a trait

(3) Environmental differences

(4) One extreme form over the other extreme form and over intermediate forms of the trait

Most often the factor that initiates the speciation of two populations is:

(1) Geographic isolation

(2) Inability of the gametes to fuse

(3) Different courtship behaviours

(4) Different copulatory organs

The oldest fossils resemble:

1. Amoeba

2. Red algae

3. Heterotrophic bacteria

4. Autotrophic bacteria

Reptilian ancestors of the mammals were the :-
1. Therapsids
2. Thecodonts
3. Pterosaurs
4. Plesiosaurs
 

Lamarck's theory of evolution is also called

1. Theory of special creation

2. Inheritance of acquired characters

3. Survival of the fittest

4. None of these