| A. | Increase in blood pressure and Glomerular filtration rate. |
| B. | Reabsorption of \(Na^+\) and water from distal parts of tubule due to Aldosterone. |
| C. | Fall in Glomerular filtration rate. |
| D. | Vasoconstriction by Angiotensin II and release of Aldosterone. |
| E. | Renin converts Angiotensin II. |
| 1. | C,A,B,D,E |
| 2. | A,D,B,E,C |
| 3. | A,C,E,B,D |
| 4. | C,E,D,B,A |
| 1. | Distal convoluted tubule and efferent renal arteriole |
| 2. | Proximal convoluted tubule and afferent renal arteriole |
| 3. | Distal convoluted tubule and afferent renal arteriole |
| 4. | Proximal convoluted tubule and efferent renal arteriole |
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| Statement I: | In the nephron, the descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water and permeable to electrolytes. |
| Statement II: | The proximal convoluted tubule is lined by simple columnar brush border epithelium and increases the surface area for reabsorption. |
| 1. | Renal corpuscle of juxta medullary nephron lies in the outer portion of the renal medulla. |
| 2. | Loop of Henle of juxta medullary nephron runs deep into medulla. |
| 3. | Juxta medullary nephrons outnumber the cortical nephrons. |
| 4. | Juxta medullary nephrons are located in the columns of Bertini. |
| Assertion (A): | Juxta Glomerular Apparatus (JGA) plays an important role in regulation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). |
| Reason (R): | A fall in GFR can activate the J.G. cells to release renin which can stimulate the glomerular blood flow and thereby bringing the GFR to normal level. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| Statement I: | Concentrated urine is formed due to counter current mechanism in nephron. |
| Statement II: | Counter current mechanism helps to maintain osmotic gradient in the medullary interstitium. |
| Assertion (A): | Nephrons are of two types: Cortical & Juxta medullary, based on their relative position in cortex and medulla. |
| Reason (R): | Juxta medullary nephrons have short-loop of Henle whereas, cortical nephrons have longer loop of Henle. |
| 1. | (A) is False, (R) is True. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 4. | (A) is True, (R) is False. |
| A: | An excessive loss of body fluid from the body switches off osmoreceptors. |
| B: | ADH facilitates water reabsorption to prevent diuresis. |
| C: | ANF causes vasodilation. |
| D: | ADH causes increase in blood pressure. |
| E: | ADH is responsible for decrease in GFR. |
| 1. | C, D and E only | 2. | A and B only |
| 3. | B, C and D only | 4. | A, B and E only |