The earliest land plants lacked true roots. What may have enabled them the most to colonize land?
1. Symbiotic associations with fungi
2. Prostrate thalloid body
3. Motile antherozoids capable of reaching the egg through water
4. Parasitic and saprophytic modes of nutrition

Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |

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Plants of this group are diploid and well adapted to extreme conditions. They grow bearing sporophylls in compact structures called cones. The group in reference is

1. Monocots 2. Dicots
3. Pteridophytes 4. Gymnosperms
Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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The giant Redwood tree (Sequoia sempervirens) is a/an

1. Angiosperm 2. Free fern
3. Pteridophyte 4. Gymnosperm
Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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Which of the following Greek root word means "naked" and hence gives name to plants like cycas and pines?

1. angeion 2. sperm
3. gymnos 4. gynos
Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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The term ‘strobilus’ in a gymnosperm defines a:
1. collection of megasporophylls
2. collection of microsporophylls
3. site of sporangial development
4. collection of megasporophylls, microsporophylls and/or a site of sporangial development

Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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Female sex organs of gymnosperms are called:

1. Archegonia 2. Female strobili
3. Megasporangium 4. Megasporophyll
Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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Unlike bryophytes and pteridophytes, in gymnosperms:
1. the male and female gametophytes do not have an independent existence
2. the vascular tissue is poorly developed
3. the reproduction is dependent on water in most cases
4. the plants bodies are clearly differentiated into root, stem and leaves

Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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Which of the following regarding Cycas is incorrect?
1. Pinnate leaves persist for a few years
2. Male and female cones are born on different plants
3. Coralloid roots are in association with cynobacteria
4. Homosporous gymnosperm

Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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In gymnosperms, the ovules are:
1. not enclosed by any ovary wall before and after fertilization
2. not enclosed by any ovary wall only before fertilization
3. not enclosed by any ovary wall only after fertilization
4. enclosed by an ovary wall before and after fertilization

Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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Coralloid roots in Cycas are associated with nitrogen fixing:

1. Rhizobium 2. Frankia
3. Azospirillum 4. Cynobacteria
Subtopic:  Gymnosperms |
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