Assertion (A): | There is a steady increase in species richness from the arctic to the tropics. |
Reason (R): | Seasonal variation is substantially more in tropics than in arctics. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
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Regarding the gradients of biodiversity:
I: | As we move from poles to the equator, broadly speaking, biodiversity decreases. |
II: | There is an increase in species diversity from lower to higher altitudes. |
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
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The greatest biodiversity on the earth is found in:
1. African grasslands
2. Amazonian rain forest in South America
3. Western Ghats in India
4. Nile delta in Egypt
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Which of the following is not a reason that accounts for greater biodiversity of tropics?
1. availability of more solar energy
2. more niche specialization
3. more time for species diversification
4. large seasonal variations in environmental factors
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Consider the two statements:
I: | Species diversity seen in tropical areas is much lower than that seen in temperate areas. |
II: | Temperate areas, unlike tropical areas are less seasonal, more constant and promote niche specialization. |
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I.
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I.
3. I is correct but II is incorrect.
4. Both I and II are incorrect.
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The name of Alexander von Humboldt is associated with the concept of:
1. | Increased species diversity in stable communities |
2. | Parallelism between evolution and ecological succession |
3. | Resource-partitioning to avoid competition |
4. | Species-Area relationship |
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I. | Within a region, species richness decreases with increasing explored area. |
II. | The rectangular hyperbola represents the relation between species richness and area for angiosperm plants, birds, bats and freshwater fishes, for example. |
III. | Z represents the regression coefficient or the slope of the line. |
IV. | The value of Z lies in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 regardless of the taxonomic group or the region. |
V. | For frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents, the slope is found to be 1.15. |
VI. | If the species area relationship is analysed for very large areas, the slope of the line is much steeper and Z value lies in the range of 0.6 to 1.2. |
1. | 3 | 2. | 4 |
3. | 5 | 4. | 6 |
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All the following describe a stable biological community except:
1. | It should always show a significant increase in productivity from year to year |
2. | It must be either resilient or resistant to occasional natural disturbances |
3. | It must be either resilient or resistant to occasional man-made disturbances |
4. | It must be resistant to invasion by alien species |
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I: | It is the Amazon rainforest area. |
II: | It is called as the ‘lung’ of planet Earth. |
III: | This area is very poor in biodiversity. |
1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
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