| 1. | About 15 mya, primates called Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus were existing |
| 2. | Ramapithecus was more ape like |
| 3. | Homo erectus had a large brain around 900 cm3 |
| 4. | The brain capacities were between 650 to 800 cm3 of Homo habilis |
| 1. | DNA from sex chromosomes only |
| 2. | Chromosome morphology only |
| 3. | Fossil remains |
| 4. | Banding pattern of autosomes |