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Vitamin-K is required for 
1. change of prothrombin to thrombin
2. synthesis of prothrombin
3. change of fibrinogen to fibrin
4. formation of thromboplastin

When type B agglutinogen is not present on the surface of RBC of a person, his plasma would contain ____ agglutinins.
1. Anti-a                          2. Anti-b
3. Both anti-a and anti-b   4. None

With respect to blood, the composition of lymph can be expressed as:
1. No RBc, No Plateletes, Less proteins, Less calcium and phosphorus, Predominant corpuscles lymphocytes.
2. No RBc, No Plateletes, Less proteins, More calcium and phosphorus, Predominant corpuscles lymphocytes.
3. No RBc, Less or no Plateletes, Less proteins, Less calcium and phosphorus, Predominant corpuscles macrophages.
4. No RBc, less Plateletes, Less proteins, Less calcium and phosphorus, Predominant corpuscles monocytes.

The sino-atrial node is the normal pacemaker of the human heart because:
1. It is located in the right atrium.
2. It is the only part of the conducting system that can generate impulse.
3. It can generate the maximum number of action potentials in the conducting system.
4. It produces action potentials that are more in size than the other parts of the conducting system.

What percentage of ventricular filling is achieved by atrial contraction?
1. 30
2. 50
3. 70
4. 90

The second heart sound during the cardiac cycle is produced by the:
1. Simultaneous opening of the atrioventricular valves
2. Simultaneous closure of the atrioventricular valves
3. Simultaneous opening of the semilunar valves
4. Simultaneous closure of the semilunar valves

In a surface ECG the QRS complex represents:
1. Atrial depolarization
2. Atrial repolarization
3. Ventricular depolarization
4. Ventricular repolarization

A decrease in plasma albumin levels is likely to affect:
1. Clot formation
2. Oxygenation of hemoglobin
3. Osmotic balance
4. Immune functions

Which of the following is a correct statement:
1. The volume of blood in pulmonary circulation is more than the volume of blood in systemic circulation at any instant
2. The blood pressure in pulmonary circulation is less than that of the systemic circulation
3. Double circulation is characteristic of all vertebrates
4. A double aortic arch is seen in birds and mammals

Congestion of the lungs is one of the main symptoms in:
1.  Hypotension
2.  Coronary artery disease
3.  Angina
4.  Heart failure

Explain the reason there is a delay in processing the electrical signal from the AV node to the AV bundle. To:
1. allow the atria to complete their contraction prior to ventricular contraction
2. ensure the right and left atria contract at the same time
3. ensure the right and left ventricles contract at the same time
4 prevent an ectopic pacemaker

The hepatic portal vein drains blood to liver from 
(1) heart
(2) stomach
(3) kidneys
(4) intestine

Blood pressure in the mammalian aorta is maximum during
1. systole of the left atrium
2. diastole of the right ventricle
3. systole ot the left ventricle
4. diastole of the right atrium

How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart?
1. Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output
2. heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output
3. Both heart rate and cardiac output increase
4. Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases

The diagram given here is the standard ECG of a normal person. the P-wave represents
the

 
1. contraction of both the atria
2. initiation of the ventricular contraction
3. beginning of the systole
4. end of systole

Which of the following diseases is also called Christmas disease?
(1) Sickle-cell anaemia
(2) Haemoglobinuria
(3) Myocardial infarction
(4) Haemophilia-B
 

Identify the given figure and select the correct option 

(1) Neutrophil - phagocytic cell which destroy foreign organisms entering the body
(2) Eosinophil - their number increases during allergic infection
(3) Lymphocyte - small sized non-motile and non-phagocytic
(4) Monocyte - motile and phagocytic in nature

The given figure shows schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels A to D. Identify the labels along with their functions and select the correct option.

(1) C - Vena Cava - takes blood from body parts to right atrium, P_CO2 = 45 mm Hg
(2) D - Dorsal aorta - takes blood from heart to body parts, P_O2 = 95 mm Hg
(3) A - Pulmonary vein - takes impure blood from body parts to heart, P_O2 = 60 mm Hg
(4) B - Pulmonary artery - takes blood from heart to lungs, P_O2 = 90 mm Hg.

After examining the blood groups of husband and wife, the doctor advised them not to have more than one child. The blood groups of the couple are likely to be
(1)  Male Rh^- and Female Rh⁺
(2)  Male Rh⁺ and Female Rh⁺
(3)  Male Rh⁺ and Female Rh^-
(4)  Male Rh^- and Female Rh^-

Which of the following matches correctly?
(1) Inferior vena cava - Receives deoxygenated blood from the head and body
(2) Superior vena cava - Receives deoxygenated blood from the lower body and organs
(3) Pulmonary artery - Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
(4) Hepatic artery - Carries deoxygenated blood to the gut

The thread like tendons of papillary muscles inserted upon the flaps of tricuspid and bicuspid valves are
(1) chordae tendinae
(2) yellow elastin fibres
(3) reticulate fibres
(4) collagen fibres

The universal donor and acceptor will be–
(1) O^– and AB^–
(2) O^– and AB⁺
(3) O⁺ and AB^–
(4) O⁺ and AB⁺

Which of the following are not correct:
(i) Spleen is the graveyard for RBC
(ii) All the mammals have biconcave RBCs
(iii) Clotting factors present in plasma are in active form.
(iv) All the substances released by platelets are involved in clotting only.
(1) (i), (iii), (iv)
(2) (ii), (iii), (iv)
(3) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(4) (ii), (iii)

If the stroke volume of Human heart is considered 80 mL and to pump 5L of blood how many beats are required?
(1) 63
(2) 70
(3) 72
(4) 60

The sequence of opening (O) and closing (C) of heart –valves are:
(1) AV valves open before the closure of SL or semilunar valves.
(2) AV valves close before the closure of SL or semilunar valves.
(3) AV valves open after the closure of SL or semilunar valves.
(4) AV valves close with closure of SL or semilunar valves.

By counting number of QRS complex, one may get which information?
(1) Rate of breathing
(2) cardiac output
(3) Heart beat rate
(4) stroke volume

The pathway of single circulation is
(1) Heart – body – gills – Heart
(2) Heart – gills – body – Heart
(3) Heart – body –gills – body – heart
(4) body – heart – gills – Heart

What does systemic circulation provide to tissue?
(1) nutrient
(2) oxygen
(3) other essential substances
(4) all of these

The hepatic portal ________ carries blood from ________ to liver before it is delivered to the ________.
(1) vein, Pancreas, Pulmonary
(2) artery, intestine, systemic
(3) vein, intestine, systemic
(4) artery, Pancreas, Pulmonary

The neurocenter for the activity of the Heart is located in
1. Pons
2. midbrain
3. medulla oblangata
4. cerebrum

The sympathetic nerves give _______ neural signals to heart and increases the _______.
(1) stimulatory, ventricular contraction
(2) inhibitory, stroke volume
(3) stimulatory, ventricular relaxation
(4) inhibitory, ventricular relaxation

Coronary Artery Disease is also referred as
(1) Atherosclerosis
(2) Angina
(3) Heart failure
(4) Heart attack

Which one of the following match is wrong?
(1) Angina Pectoris – Acute chest pain
(2) Heart Failure – Not enough blood supply to body
(3) Heart Attack – Not enough blood supply to cardiac muscles
(4) cardiac arrest – Narrowing of lumen

Congestive Heart disease is another name for
(1) Heart failure
(2) Cardiac Arrest
(3) Heart Attack
(4) Angina

Imagine, if the semilunar valves do not work, which of the following event won’t happen surely?
(1) Atrial Contraction
(2) Ventricular Contraction
(3) flow of blood
(4) Heart sound production

Leucocytes are ______ and ______.
(1) colourless and enucleated
(2) coloured and nucleated
(3) colourless and nucleated
(4) coloured and enucleated

Which of the following sequence is correct in terms of abundance in blood?
1. RBC > WBC > Platelets
2. WBC > RBC > Platelets
3. RBC > Platelets > WBC
4. RBC < WBC > Platelets

Which of the following cell will play a role in resistance of infection and allergic reaction?
(1) Eosinophil
(2) Basophil
(3) Lymphocyte
(4) Neutrophils

Which of the following sequence is correct in terms of abundance?
1. Neutrophils > Lymphocytes > Monocytes > Eosinophils > Basophils
2. Neutrophils > Lymphocytes < Monocytes > Eosinophils > Basophils
3. Neutrophils < Lymphocytes > Monocytes > Eosinophils > Basophils
4. Neutrophils > Lymphocytes > Monocytes < Eosinophils > Basophils

During a cardiac cycle:
1. About 70 ml of blood is pumped by the two ventricles
2. The left atrium and the left ventricle contract simultaneously
3. More blood is pumped into the systemic than in pulmonary circulation
4. The atria contract prior to the ventricles