Ecosystem - Live Session

1.

What type of ecological pyramid would be obtained with the following data?
Secondary consumer : 120 g
Primary consumer : 60 g
Primary producer : 10 g
(1) Inverted pyramid of biomass
(2) Pyramid of energy
(3) Upright pyramid of biomass
(4) Upright pyramid of numbers

2.

Which ecosystem has the maximum biomass?
(1) Forest ecosystem
(2) Grassland ecosystem
(3) Pond ecosystem
(4) Lake ecosystem

3.

Presence of plants arranged into well defined vertical layers depending on their height can be seen best in
(1) Tropical Savannah
(2) Tropical Rain Forest
(3) Grassland
(4) Temperate Forest

4.

The primary producers of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystem are
(1) Green algae
(2) Chemosynthetic bacteria
(3) Blue-green algae
(4) Coral reefs

5.

Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks
(1) Green algae
(2) Lichens
(3) Liverworts
(4) Mosses

6.

Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of cropland ecosystem?
(1) Ecological succession
(2) Absence of soil organisms
(3) Least genetic diversity
(4) Absence of weeds

7.

The term ecosystem was coined by
(1) E.Warming
(2) E.P.Odum
(3) A.G.Tansley
(4) E.Haeckel

8.

Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters are
(1) Detritivores
(2) Primary consumers
(3)Secondary consumers
(4) Tertiary consumers

9.

In which of the following both pairs have correct combination?

(1)	Gaseous nutrient cycle	Sulphur and Phosphorus
Sedimentary nutrient cycle	Carbon and Nitrogen
(2)	Gaseous nutrient cycle	Carbon and Nitrogen
Sedimentary nutrient cycle	Sulphur and Phosphorus
(3)	Gaseous nutrient cycle	Carbon and Sulphur
Sedimentary nutrient cycle	NitrogenandPhosphorus
(4)	Gaseous nutrient cycle	Nitrogen and Sulphur
Sedimentary nutrient cycle	Carbon and phosphorus

10.

During ecological succession
(1) The changes lead to a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment and is called pioneer community
(2) The gradual and predictable change in species composition occurs in a given area
(3) The establishment of a new biotic community is very fast in its primary phase
(4) The number and types of animals remain constant

11.

Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in a biotic community is known as
(1) Pyramid
(2) Divergence
(3) Stratification
(4) Zonation

12.

In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed as
(1) Net productivity
(2) Net primary productivity
(3) Gross primary productivity
(4) Secondary productivity

13.

Secondary succession takes place on/in
(1) Newly cooled lava
(2) Bare rock
(3) Degraded forest
(4) Newly created pond

14.

The mass of living material at a trophic level at a particular time is called
(1) Standing crop
(2) Gross primary productivity
(3) Standing state
(4) Net primary productivity

15.

Match the following and select the correct option :
a. Earthworm (i) Pioneerspecies
b. Succession (ii) Detritivore
c. Ecosystemservice (iii)Natality
d. Populationgrowth (iv)Pollination
(1)a(i), b(ii),c(iii),d(iv)
(2) a(iv), b(i), c(iii),d(ii)
(3) a(iii), b(ii), c(iv), d(i)
(4) a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)

16.

Given below is a simplified model of phosphorus cycling in a terrestrial ecosystem with four blanks (A-D). Identify the blanks.

A B C D
(1) Rock minerals Detritus Litter fall Producers
(2) Litter fall Producers Rock minerals Detritus
(3) Detritus Rock minerals Producer Litter fall
(4) Producers Litter fall Rock minerals Detritus

17.

If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain?
Plant $\to$ Mice $\to$ Snake $\to$ Peacock
(1) 0.02J (2) 0.002J
(3) 0.2J (4) 0.0002J

18.

Natural reservoir of phosphorusis
(1) Animal bones
(2) Rock
(3) Fossils
(4) Sea water

19.

Secondary productivity is rate of formation of new organic matterby:
(1) Parasite (2) Consumer (3) Decomposer (4) Producer

20.

Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described?
(1) Humification-Leads to the accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate
(2) Catabolism-Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition
(3) Leaching-Water soluble in organic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil
(4) Fragmentation-Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

21.

Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem?
1. Productivity 2. Stratification
3. Energy flow 4.Decomposition

22.

The upright pyramid of number is absent in
1. Lake 2. Grassland
3. Pond 4. Forest

23.

Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle in ecosystem?
1. Nitrogen cycle 2. Carbon cycle
3. Sulphur cycle 4. Phosphorus cycle

24.

Given below is an imaginary pyramid of numbers. What could be one of the possibilities about certain organisms at some of the different levels ?

1. Level one PP is "pipal trees" and the level SC is "sheep"
2. Level PC is "rates" and level SC is "cats"
3. Level PC is "insects" and level SC is "small insectivorous birds"
4. Level PP is "phytoplanktons" in sea and "Whale" on top level TC

25.

Identify the possible link "A" in the following food chain
Plant $\to$ insect $\to$ frog $\to$ "A" $\to$ Eagle
1. Cobra 2.Parrot
3. Rabbit 4. Wolf

26.

The rate of formation of new organic matter by rabbit in a grassland, is called
1. Net productivity 2. Secondary productivity
2. Net primary productivity 4. Gross primary productivity

27.

The second stage of hydrosere is occupied by plants like
1. Azolla 2. Typha
3. Salix 4. Vallisneria

28.

Identify the likely organisms (a), (b), (c) and (d) in the food web shown below

Options (a) (b) (c) (d)
1. Deer Rabbit Frog Rat
2. Dog Squirrel Bat Deer
3. Rat Dog Tortoise Crow
4. Squirrel Cat Rat Pigeon

29.

Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called
1. Standing state 2. Standing crop
3. Detritus 4. Humus

30.

Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession?
1. It is similar to primary succession except that it has a relatively fast pace
2. It begins on a bare rock
3. It occurs on a deforested site
4. It follows primary succession

31.

Which one of the following statements for pyramid of energy is incorrect, whereas the remaining three are correct?
1. It is upright in shape
2. Its base is broad
3. It shows energy content of different trophic level organisms
4. It is inverted in shape

32.

Which one of the following animals may occupy more than one trophic levels in the same ecosystem at the same time?
1. Goat 2. Frog
3. Sparrow 4. Lion

33.

Both, hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to
1. Highly dry conditions
2. Excessive wet conditions
3. Medium water conditions
4. Xeric conditions

34.

Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR is
1. More than 80% 2. About 70%
3. About 60% 4. Less than 50%

35.

The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by earthworm is a process called
1. Mineralisation 2. Catabolism
3. Humification 4. Fragmentation

36.

The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is called
1. Gross primary productivity 2. Net primary productivity
3. Secondary productivity 4. Standing crop

37.

Which of the following representations shows the pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem?

1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C

38.

The correct sequence of plants in a hydrosere is:
1. Volvox $\to$ Hydrilla $\to$ Pistia $\to$ Scirpus $\to$ Lantana $\to$ Oak
2. Pistia $\to$ Volvox $\to$ Scirpus $\to$ Hydrilla $\to$ Oak $\to$ Lantana
3. Oak $\to$ Lantana $\to$ Volvox $\to$ Hydrilla $\to$ Pistia $\to$ Scirpus
4. Oak $\to$ Lantana $\to$ Scirpus $\to$ Pistia $\to$ Hydrilla $\to$ Volvox

39.

Which one of the following types of organisms occupy more than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem?
1. Fish 2. Zooplankton
3. Frog 4. Phytoplankton

40.

About 70% of total global carbon is found in
1. Forests 2. Grasslands
3. Agroecosystems 4. Oceans

41.

Consider the following statements concerning food chains
(a) Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
(b) Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.
(c) The length of food chains is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
(d) The length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels
Which two of the above statements are correct?
1. a & b 2. b & c
3. c & d 4. a & d

42.

The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to their
1. Low cellulose content
2. Low moisture content
3. Poor nitrogen content
4. Anaerobic environment around them

43.

Which one of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity?
1. Temperate deciduous forest 2. Tropical rain forest
3. Tropical deciduous forest 4. Temperate evergreen forest

44.

Which one of the following is not used for construction of ecological pyramids?
1. Dry weight 2. Number of individuals
3. Rate of energy flow 4. Fresh weight

45.

Which of the following groups is absolutely essential functional component of the ecosystem?'
1. Producers 2. Producers and herbivores
3. Producers and detritivores 4. Detritivores

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